Design requirements:

With the development of economy, various types of heat exchangers have developed rapidly, and new heat exchangers with new structures and new materials are emerging. In order to meet the needs of development, China has established standards for some types of heat exchangers and formed a series. When designing or selecting heat exchangers with perfect heat exchanger prices, the following basic requirements should be met: (1) reasonably realizing the prescribed process conditions; (2) safe and reliable structure; (3) easy to manufacture, install, operate and maintain; (4) economically reasonable. The tube sheet at one end of the floating head heat exchanger is fixed with the shell, while the tube sheet at the other end can float freely in the shell. The shell and the tube bundle are free to expand. Therefore, when the temperature difference between the two media is large, there is no temperature difference stress between the tube bundle and the shell. The floating end is designed as a detachable structure so that the tube bundle can be easily inserted or pulled out of the shell. (Can also be designed to be non-removable). This provides convenience for maintenance and cleaning. However, the structure of the heat exchanger is complex, and the leakage of the floating end cap can not be known during operation. Therefore, special attention should be paid to its sealing during installation. The structure of floating head part of floating head heat exchanger can be designed in various forms according to different requirements. In addition to the free movement of tube bundles in the equipment, the convenience of maintenance, installation and cleaning of floating head part must also be considered. The outer diameter of floating head tubesheet must be considered in design. The outer diameter should be less than the inner diameter Di of the shell. It is generally recommended that the clearance between the floating head tube plate and the inner wall of the shell be b1=3~5mm. In this way, when the hook ring of the floating head is removed, the tube bundle can be withdrawn from the shell. In order to facilitate repair and cleaning. The floating head cover can be assembled only after the tube bundle is loaded, so the necessary space for assembly of the floating head cover should be considered in the design. The hook ring plays an important role in ensuring the seal of the floating end and preventing the leakage between the media. With the development of the design and manufacturing technology of the head-type heat exchanger and the accumulation of long-term experience, the structure of the hook ring has been improved and perfected. Hook rings are generally open structure, requiring reliable sealing, simple structure, compact, easy to manufacture and disassemble and assemble. Floating head heat exchanger has accumulated rich experience in the long-term use process due to its high reliability and wide adaptability. Despite the challenges of emerging new heat exchangers, they have in turn promoted their own development. So far, it still occupies a dominant position in all kinds of heat exchangers.